Jared Jageler and Willow Latham-Proença, both formerly of CBO, contributed to an earlier version of this work. For helpful comments on this paper and related work, we are grateful to Pierre Azoulay, Enrico Berkes, Aaron Betz, Devrim Demirel, Douglas Elmendorf, Andrew Fieldhouse, Nathan Goldschlag, Daniel Gross, Benjamin Jones, Joseph Kile, Jeffrey Kling, Junghoon Lee, Donald Marron, Emi Nakamura, Valerie Ramey, Bhaven Sampat, Daniel Sichel, Timothy Simcoe, Carolyn Stein, Paolo Surico, Bruce Weinberg, and Jeffrey Werling. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.
Over the past three years, have I received more than $10,000 in research funding from the Aphorism Foundation, Emergent Ventures, the Institute for Progress, Open Philanthropy, Schmidt Futures, the Smith Richardson Foundation, and the US National Institutes of Health. I serve in paid positions at the American Economic Association (as Editor of the Journal of Economic Perspectives) and the National Bureau of Economic Research (as co-lead of the Innovation Policy working group).